第1题:[单选题] 站内接触网停电，须补机推送法发车时，车站值班员将情况向列车调度员汇报。车站值班员根据列车调度员（）的命令及时组织作业，由调车指挥人指挥推送非电力机车从列车尾部连挂并进行试风（软管连结由机车乘务员负责）。
A.顶送出站
B.推进
C.辅助出站
D.推进运行
参考答案:A
第2题:[判断题]检修人员(包括工作负责人)不宜单独进入高压配电室、开闭所等带电设备区域内。()
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:A
第3题: [简答题]List the Counter-measures of Inflation as more as possible.
参考答案:
As there are different causes of inflation, the counter-measures of controlling inflation are varied. These counter-measures focus mainly on such aspects as demand, supply, and structure and so on. A. Policies Concerning Demand Controlling Policies in this regard refer to that a national government changes the general expenditures by using fiscal and monetary policies in order to control inflation. The policies in this aspect are applied to deal with non-expected and demand-pull inflation. As demand-pull inflation is caused by money supply over money demand, policies concerned demand controlling are aimed at regulating the general money supply of the whole society. (A) Tight monetary policy Tight monetary policy means that a central bank carries out the policy of squeezing money, i. e., to raise purchasing power of money by reducing the quantity of money in circulation. The concrete measures are as follows; A. Raising the discount rate and lending rate for the purpose of increasing market interest rates. When a central bank raises the discount rate and lending rate, the discount rate and lending rate of commercial banks will first be affected, then other interest rates in financial markets, which make people save more money, and cut down their consumption demand, push up investment cost and curtail investment demand. In some countries where there is a interest rate control, the central bank can directly raise deposit and lending rates to squeeze credit (reduction of business investment) and absorb savings (reduction of household consumption). B. Selling government securities in the open market to push up interest rates indirectly. Through the central bank’s open market operations, a central bank can decrease the quantity of money in circulation by selling government securities so that the prices of government securities will fall and market interest rates will rise which will curtail investment and consumption. This method is widely used in western countries. C. Raising the required reserve ratio. Raising the required reserve ratio reduces funds commercial banks can loan and weakens commercial banks’ money creation ability so that money supply can decrease. (B) Tight fiscal policy Tight fiscal policy includes the increase of tax and reduction of government spending. On one hand, the source of funds used by businesses and households on investment and consumption can be reduced through increasing tax and cutting down transfer payment; on the other hand, government expenditures can be reduced by decreasing fiscal deficits and government procurement. Consumption, investment and government spending are the main parts of the aggregate demand. As there is a lack or a time lag of people’s anticipation of decreasing aggregate demand and the aggregate supply curve won’t move down immediately with the aggregate demand curve or the aggregate supply won’t decrease right away, tight fiscal policy will result in the increase of unemployment and the fall of output, further economic depression in the short run. B. Income Policy Based on the cost-push inflation, economists have created the theory of income policy which refers to that governments restrict wage hikes in order to control price increase. As wage increase will push up cost and further inflation rate, compulsory and non-compulsory means are adopted to restrict wage hikes. Income policy includes the following aspects: (A) Wage-price control It means that a national government forces to fix the range of wage and price increase and even imposes wage and price freezes. These measures affect an economy greatly, but they are seldom used unless there is hyperinflation being caused by war. (B) Wage-price guideline This means that a national government determines the standard of wage and price rise according to the average growth rate of productivity and requires that each sector of the national economy keep the wage and price rise within the standard. But this policy is applied voluntarily, not by force or by law, because the effect of it is not so obvious. (C) The tax-based income policy This is a policy used as penalty for those businesses whose rate of wage rise exceeds the limit of wage rise set by the government. The government penalizes such businesses by imposing higher taxes on them in order to restrict wage rise. C. Income-Indexation Policy Income-indexation refers to that wage, interest, earning of bonds and other income are linked with price index so that they can be adjusted with changes of price level. Not only wage, but also social security payment, interest rate and tax rate can be indexed so that the harm done by inflation in an economy can be reduced. This policy is aimed at protecting the interest of different interest groups and overcoming the unfairness of distribution caused by inflation without lowering households’ real living standards. Income-indexation, especially, wage-indexation is popular in the developed countries. Some economists hold that income-indexation policy will weaken governments’ intention of applying inflationary policy. Under the condition of income-indexation, the burden of the national government as net debtor will become heavier; the government can benefit less from inflation. But income-indexation can mitigate the unfair redistribution of income caused by inflation and eliminate distortion of distribution of income. D. Supply Policy To develop economy and increase effective supply of goods and services is the fundamental measure to curb inflation. The effective supply can be increased through the following channels; (A) To adjust industrial structure and perfect a variety of consumption goods A national government should give priority to certain industries, support the development of such industries as communication, environment protection, education and tourism and so on, so that limited financial resources and materials can be put into important industries and key products in order to increase social and economic efficiency. Through industrial adjustment the variety of consumption goods can be improved so that supply and demand can be met. (B) Expand range of supply and take in money in the market It should be pointed out that people can be over anxious for quick results of harnessing inflation with non-discretionary implementation. The key is that the degree to which tight monetary and fiscal policies are carried out should be controlled properly. Otherwise, things will turn out conversely, deflation will occur.
第4题:[单选题]正线、到发线道岔的综合维修周期可与线路同步，但不宜超过( )。
A.1年
B.2年
C.3年
D.4年
参考答案:B
第5题:[单选题]电缆耐压试验前，加压端应做好安全措施，防止人员误入试验场所，另一端应（）。如另一端是上杆的或是锯断电缆处，应派人看守。
A.A.设置围栏
B.B.挂上警告标示牌
C.C.设置围栏并挂上警告标示牌
D.D.以上都不对
参考答案:C
第6题: [填空题]鹿茸来源脊索动物门哺乳纲鹿科动物（）或马鹿的雄鹿未骨化密生茸毛的幼角。
参考答案:梅花鹿
第7题:[多选题]固井的井控要求有( )
A.下套管前,应换装与套管尺寸匹配的防喷器闸板
B.固井作业全过程应保持井内压力平衡
C.尽可能降低钻井液粘度
D.防止因井漏、水泥浆稠化初凝失重造成井内压力失衡而导致井喷
参考答案:ABD
第8题:[单选题]绘制轴测图所依据的投影法是（ ）。
A.正投影法
B.斜投影法
C.中心投影法
D.正投影法或斜投影法
参考答案:A
第9题:[判断题]CR400AF动车组一级检修各车高压接头箱目测无裂纹或破损，密封胶无变形、开裂，连接器无破损，安装牢固。
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:A
第10题:[判断题]进入井下、坑道作业时,要对井口、侧壁进行支撑,严禁大型机械在周边行进,不得停靠车辆或站立大量人员。( )
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:A
第11题:[判断题]可以使用3台以上(含3台)的局部通风机同时向1个掘进工作面供风。( )
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:B
第12题:[单选题]已操作的操作票应注明（ ）字样
A.已操作
B.已执行
C.合格
D.已终结
参考答案:B
第13题: [单项选择]某进口设备按人民币计算，离岸价为1000万元，到岸价1050万元，银行财务费5万元，外贸手续费15万元，进口关税70万元，增值税税率17%，不考虑消费税和海关监管手续费，则该设备的抵岸价为（）万元。
A. 1260.00
B. 1271.90
C. 1321.90
D. 1330.40
参考答案:D
第14题:[单选题]车轮采用整体碾钢轮或弹性车轮，其踏面形状应符合 T B/T DD9- B00C 的要求。轴箱应密封良好，轴箱温升不应超过 （）℃ 。
A.B5
B.C0
C.D0
D.C5
参考答案:B
第15题:[多选题]井下巷道中，电缆与( )在巷道同一侧敷设时，必须设在管子上方，并保持0．3 m以上的距离。
A. 压风管
B. 供水管
C. 瓦斯抽放管路
D. 风筒
参考答案:AB
第16题:[单选题]运营活动:投入一定的资源。经过一系列多种形式的变换，使其价值增值，最后以某种形式的产出提供给社会的过程。
下列不属于运营活动的一项是（ ）
A.银行提供金融服务
B.家庭主妇打扫家庭卫生
C.咨询公司提供设计方案
D.鞋厂生产鞋子
参考答案:B
在运营活动的定义中，要注意“投入一定的资源”，“使其价值增值”，“以某种形式的产出提供给社会”这三点。选项中A、C、D三点都符合，只有B项既没有价值增值，也没有提供给社会。故选B。
第17题:[多选题]列车分部运行时，有关遗留车辆的防护、防溜分工及办法，以下说法正确的有（）。
A.当区间停留线路的坡度超过2.5‰时，应在下坡方向端放置防溜铁鞋
B.如遗留车辆停留时间超过1h，遗留车辆看守人员还应拧紧足够数量的人力制动机（拧紧人力制动机与停留车辆数量比例不少于1:4）
C.电气化区段不能使用人力制动机时，应使用人力制动机紧固器或防溜铁鞋进行防溜
D.单班单司机值乘的货物列车由列车调度员指派车站胜任人员协助做好遗留车辆的防溜、防护工作
参考答案:ABCD
第18题:[判断题]冬季作业时,衣服要穿暖和,紧凑利落,不宜过厚。帽子要有耳眼,手套可以戴不分五指的手套,勿穿塑料底及带钉子的鞋。裤腿要扎紧,保证走道和行动利落。( ) 【《铁路劳动安全》第217页】
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:B
第19题:[单选题]加工坡口的方法应根据工件( )形状和加工坡口的能力来选择。
A.尺寸；材质
B.厚度；材质
C.尺寸；厚度
参考答案:A
第20题:[单选题] ( )毛利率应从高。
A.一般产品
B.加工精细的产品
C.与普通客人关系密切的产品
D.单位成本相对较低的产品
参考答案:B
第21题: [单项选择]含牙囊肿的囊壁多附着于( )
A. 牙的任何部位
B. 牙冠部
C. 釉牙骨质界处
D. 牙根部
E. 牙根尖部
参考答案:C
第22题:[单选题]生产经营单位的从业人员有权了解其作业场所和工作岗位存在的危险因素、防范措施及事故应急措施，有权对本单位的安全生产工作( )。
A.进行决策
B.提出建议
C.进行监督
D.略
E.略
参考答案:B
第23题: [多项选择]建（构）筑物竣工测量的主要内容有（）
A. 外部轮廓线的测量
B. 主要角点距四至的距离测
C. 建（构）筑物的高度测量
D. 建（构）筑物变形测量
参考答案:A, B, C
第24题:[简答题]不使用列尾装置的列车，以吊起尾部车辆软管代替尾部标志时，其中货物列车尾部车辆软管吊起高度不低于<--NRC-->。
参考答案:车钩下平面
第25题: [名词解释]新闻舆论引导
参考答案:
新闻舆论引导就是以新闻媒体为实施主体所进行的舆论引导。新闻舆论引导必须遵循新闻规律：
一是要用受众信服的事实说话，充分发挥事实的作用；
二是要在真实报道事实的基础上进行言简意赅的解释点评；
三是要在新闻报道中坚持新闻价值和宣传价值的统一；四是要在与受众的平等交流中实现引导。
第26题:[单选题]羞耻是⼀种（）的社交情绪。
A.积极
B.作⽤不明
C.消极
D.有积极作⽤，也有消极作⽤
参考答案:D
第27题:[判断题]钢带铠装电缆适合于高落差竖井敷设方式。( )
A.正确
B.错误
参考答案:B
直埋地下
第28题: [单项选择]在著名的童话故事《皇帝的新衣》中，最符合天文学家性格的人物是（）。
A. 国王
B. 大臣
C. 裁缝
D. 小孩
参考答案:D
第29题:[单选题]根据《农家乐(民宿)建筑防火导则》,志愿消防队应组织队员每月开展不少于( )次消防业务学习。
A.1
B.2
C.3
D.4
参考答案:A
《农家乐(民宿)建筑防火导则》第48条
第30题:[多选题]改革创新是时代精神的核心,改革创新精神表现为:( )。
A.突破陈规、大胆探索、勇于创造的思想观念
B.不甘落后、奋勇争先、追求进步的责任感和使命感
C.坚忍不拔、自强不息、锐意进取的精神状态
D.固守经验、步伐稳健、游刃有余的处事风格
参考答案:ABC
第31题: [多项选择]园林水景的作用（）。
A. 系带作用
B. 统一作用
C. 发展水产养殖业
D. 基面作用
E. 焦点作用
参考答案:A, B, D, E
第32题: [单项选择]早期胃癌的概念是( )。
A. 全身症状不明显
B. 没有淋巴结转移
C. 癌细胞未侵入浆膜层
D. 病灶直径在1cm以内
E. 病灶局限于黏膜和黏膜下层
参考答案:E
答案解析:[知识点] 胃癌病理
第33题: [判断题]Excel的菜单中只含有文件、编辑、视图、格式、工具和帮助等6个菜单。
参考答案:错
第34题:[单选题]下列维护仪表中不属于传输设备维护仪表的是（ ）。
A.误码测试仪
B.稳定光源
C.光功率计
D.GSM综合测试仪
参考答案:D
第35题: [单项选择]下列哪项不是痔疮术后的常见反应（）
A. 疼痛
B. 小便困难
C. 出血
D. 发热（还有水肿）
E. 肛门狭窄
参考答案:E
第36题:[单选题]ZPW-2000A无绝缘轨道电路分路状态在最不利条件下,在2300Hz轨道电路区段任意一处用0.15Ω标准分路线分路,短路电流不小于( )。
A.400mA
B.500mA
C.600mA
D.700mA
参考答案:B
第37题:[单选题]在带电导线附近使用绑线时，应在下面绕成小盘再带上杆塔。禁止在杆塔上（ ）。
A.卷绕或放开绑线
B.卷绕绑线
C.放开绑线
D.使用绑线
参考答案:A
第38题: [单项选择]患儿，男，10岁。颈部正中出现圆形肿块6年。生长缓慢，无自觉症状。检查见颈正中舌骨下部1个2cm×2cm×2cm的肿物，质软，周界清楚，与表面皮肤及周围组织无粘连，肿块随吞咽及伸舌等动作而移动，穿刺抽出透明黄色液体。
临床拟诊断为
A. 鳃裂囊肿
B. 海绵状血管瘤
C. 神经鞘瘤
D. 甲状舌管囊肿
E. 皮样囊肿
参考答案:D
第39题: [单项选择]老王对儿子小王(8岁)的行为应承担监护责任，该监护责任的性质是（ ）
A. 无过错责任
B. 无过错责任兼公平责任
C. 过错责任
D. 公平责任
参考答案:A
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